Applied ML Research
Domain-Specialized SLM Fine-Tuning — Gemma 12B (bf16 LoRA)
for Grounded RAG That Knows When to Refuse
Fine-tuned Google Gemma 12B into a domain Q&A specialist to test whether a self-hosted model can hold its own against a frontier API on specialized grounded QA at a fraction of inference cost — building the retrieval, RAFT data-generation, training, and evaluation pipeline end-to-end. The honest result: it ties GPT-5.4-mini, trails full GPT-5.4 on answering, and decisively wins calibration — knowing when to refuse.
- Calibration — the deployable edge. Over all 1,880 test cases, the 12B leads balanced answer/refuse accuracy 79.5% vs 67.4% / 57.3% and correctly refuses 74% of unanswerable questions vs the full frontier's 16% (which hallucinates an answer to 84% of them) — the no-hallucination property a high-stakes RAG copilot needs.
- Judged fairly. A bias-balanced 3-model-family LLM-judge panel (independent majority, answer-order-swapped) at full coverage (1,572 grounded rows × both frontier tiers, via the Anthropic Batch API) cancels judge self-preference; the 12B ties GPT-5.4-mini and trails full GPT-5.4 — after exposing overlap metrics (ROUGE/BERTScore) as teacher-mimicry, not correctness.
- Retriever-first, retriever-aware training. Froze a hybrid retriever (dense + BM25 + RRF + cross-encoder rerank, hit@5 ~0.78) before the generator, then built every RAFT example from the retriever's real top-5 output — its actual near-misses and genuinely unanswerable cases — so the training distribution matched deployment.
- Training architecture. Full-precision bf16 LoRA (frozen base) on 8×H200 single-node DDP (Modal); val token-accuracy 0.934; leakage-safe holdout split at the source-entity level so near-duplicates can't span splits.
MAKBench — Agent evaluation harness
Hermetic, cost-metered, reliability-first
Open-source benchmark infrastructure: evaluate any CLI agent against any LLM on versioned packs of complex, multi-step enterprise and SWE tasks — full workflows over mock tool stacks and planted-defect repos, graded on exact outcome artifacts — and get numbers you can defend. Every attempt is hermetic — fresh container, fresh workspace, per-attempt budget-capped API key, gateway-only network — so dollars and tokens are metered at the network edge, never self-reported, and grading runs in a separate trusted container the agent can never touch. Repeated independent executions per cell turn "can it?" into "does it reliably?" — the consistency and flakiness metrics leaderboards can't compute from one run. Every published number recomputes from raw attempt records.
Results & method — charts, task prompts, grading, and the Nemotron follow-up. Open page →- Controlled attempts. Fresh workspace, same fixture and git baseline, digest-pinned agent images, fixed CPU/memory and wall-clock/step budgets, gateway-only egress.
- Gateway metering. Per-attempt budget-capped virtual keys; provider secrets stay on the host; spend and tokens come from the call log (per-token vs flat-rate not mixed in rankings).
- Split-phase grading. Agent sandbox and verifier container are separate; workspace is mounted read-only for checks. Tasks fail on a pristine fixture (no-op scores zero).
- Complex tasks by design. Task packs are full workflows, not quiz items: multi-step enterprise operations over mock tool stacks (CRM, mail, calendar, ticketing, policy engines) and planted-defect SWE repos. Outcome-graded against hidden weighted checks, with an anti-triviality gate — a no-op agent scores exactly zero. A live demo board and its findings (including why the same model can be reliable on one scaffold and useless on another) are on the results page.
Experience
Lead architect for enterprise AI in a regulated healthcare setting — production systems that turn enterprise documents and application data into governed knowledge, search, chat, and multi-agent analysis. I design domain-agnostic agent platforms so new capabilities ship as declarative skills rather than hand-rolled agent loops.
- Agentic systems. Domain-agnostic agent SDKs on LangGraph — declarative skills, schema-validated outputs, parallel orchestration, and bounded retries — plus supervisor / multi-agent patterns that ship new capabilities fast and safely.
- Retrieval & RAG. Hybrid retrieval (vector + BM25 + Reciprocal Rank Fusion + re-ranking), grounded generation with deterministic citation, and natural-language-to-database querying.
- Safe LLM automation. Governed code generation behind static-analysis allowlists, human approval, and sandboxed execution — so nothing ungoverned reaches production.
- AI observability & evaluation. Self-hosted, HIPAA-aware tracing, token & cost accounting, and LLM-as-judge scoring for agentic systems.
- Developer tooling & security. Multi-IDE AI developer tooling, an encrypted secret vault, and security / compliance (CSDL, OWASP) rigor at enterprise scale.
Built an enterprise assessment-automation platform from the ground up with a small team — compressing weeks of expert work into repeatable, automated workflows for healthcare and life-sciences customers.
- Platform build. Architected and shipped end-to-end across Java 21 / Spring Boot / Spring Cloud microservices, a Python AI service, and an Angular standalone UI; containerized delivery on a hardened JRE base image.
- Delivery. Led parallel delivery of new product capabilities, then rationalized them into reusable platform components and a shared scoring model.
- Security hardening. Centralized secrets management; drove static-analysis and compliance — Spring / security upgrades, OWASP ZAP, OAuth + CSP hardening.
Customer-facing engineering-consulting role on observability strategy for large enterprise customers across telecom, distribution, and travel.
- Technical SME. Embedded with enterprise AppDynamics customers as architecture-level SME. Codified KPIs with engineering leadership, engaged C-suite to capture the observability vision, translated it into engineering requirements through delivery. Earned top-quartile bonus and a formal recommendation from the engineering lead.
Engineering lead on an enterprise collaboration-provisioning platform serving a Big Four U.S. bank and a global technology company. Promoted SCE III → IV in Apr 2021.
- Architecture lead. Owned the data-extraction and data-aggregation services; drove cluster consolidation, data-migration services, and major enterprise customer rollouts.
- Real-time metrics dashboard. Designed and shipped a full-stack, live operations dashboard end-to-end (Angular + Spring Cloud + MongoDB).
- Built Java + jBPM workflow scripts and Spring REST + SOAP-WS APIs for a major global bank's enterprise provisioning platform. Processed 500K+ requests across a 5-year engagement. Promoted twice; relocated to the US in 2017.
- Continued the major-bank engagement from the US delivery center; owned 100% of usability improvements; delivered a complete UI redesign and the platform's log-management system.
Technical Skills
AI / ML Skills
AI / ML Tools
Backend Engineering & Databases
Frontend & Security
Infrastructure & Tools
Education
M.S. Computer Science — Artificial Intelligence
Georgia Institute of Technology · Atlanta, GA (Online)
B.Tech. Electronics & Communications Engineering
Punjabi University, Patiala · Punjab, India